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Some of the biggest refugee camps in the world, such as Dadaab, were originally setup to accommodate those fleeing the Somali civil war; as Kenya is the closest country to Somalia, it's only natural that refugees would flee there, especially as the border is large with little control. And once a settlement is in place, it quickly populates, especially when other conflict occurs. Kenya is also at the centre of an array of conflicts and, therefore, accommodates refugees from all surrounding countries, including Ethiopian refugees that fled after the fall of the Ethiopian government. The camps in Kenya may not be the most well equipped, but they offer refugees a haven close enough to home that they don't have to travel across continents to reach safety, like in the recent Syrian conflict and consequent refugee crisis. During or after conflict, it is only natural that you would travel to the nearest point of safety and, if that offers you somewhere to sleep and eat and gives you little reason to travel back to the country you came from, presuming that’s ever possible, there’s little reason to leave. In turn, this drives up camp population to staggering numbers.
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