Leaders are present in almost every aspect of modern life. The most common examples of leaders that first come in mind are political leaders, war leaders, religious leaders, business leaders etc.

Different leaders have different approaches toward leadership.

1. Autocratic leadership - centered around the boss and he is the only one who makes decisions and expects obedience from his subordinates. Type of leader: autocratic leader
2. Democratic leadership - subordinates are involved in making decisions as well. It is one of the preffered types of leaderships considering it entails fairness, competence, creativity etc. Type of leader: democratic leader.
3. Strategic leadership - approach where the leader is head of an organization. Leader is the one who listens advices for those on top close to him, but is also open for new ideas from the wider audience. Strategic thinking is very important for this approach. Type of leader: strategic leader.
4. Transformational leadership - centered around initiating change. This approach usually empowers followers and leaders motivate others to do even more than they thought possible. Type of leader: transformational leader.
5. Team leadership - it is all about teamwork, everyone in the team is working toward common goal. Type of leader: team leader.

These approaches are the most popular ones, but there are also cross-cultural leadership (involves various cultures in society), facilitative leadership, Laissez- faire leadership ( gives authority to employees), transactional leadership, coaching leadership, charismatic leadership, visionary leadership etc.

There are many ways to lead, and various leaders employ different leadership techniques to lead. There are transformational leaders, these are leaders who are passionate about the cause. They use their passion and strong character to influence the direction and purpose of the team they lead. Transformational leaders have an influence that cuts across generations, they can develop new leaders and influence existing leaders. Inspirational leaders have an appetite for growth, for themselves and others on the team. They are focused on their personal growth which is in turn used to inspire those around them to grow. Inspirational leaders are followed for their personal touch and care. Character development in a team is the focus of an inspirational leader. Relational leaders use their relationships to influence others. They are followed because of who they are, and whom they know. They value people a lot compared to the position they hold. Their strength is in their relationships and moral authority. However, inspirational leaders are not able to make sacrifices that would spur growth in their leadership.

There are many leadership approaches, but I will mention five of them:

1. Autocratic - means aggressive leadership which is based on control. Leader uses militant-like style by giving orders without their feedback or any kind of cooperation. It is rarely effective, only in military where many jobs have life or death consequences.

2. Laissez-Faire leadership - it is opposite from autocratic and gives authority to employees. They are allowed to work as they want. This leadership has major benefits for creative environment, but it lacks discipline and structure.

3. Transformative - perfect for business because leaders are often inspiring with a big vision that encourages workers to think critically. These leaders are charismatic and motivating, they empower followers.

4. Hands-on, participant leadership - is collaborative, takes employee opinion in decision-making process. It is very effective, but it does not happen quickly. Decision is thorough and well-considered, but not necessarily timely.

5. Transactional - involves exchange process where followers get tangible rewards for carrying out leader's orders. There must be clear instructions what is expected from followers and how to meet those expectations.

Source: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/5-different-types-leadership-styles-17584.html

Leadership and leaders´ styles could be broken down as follows:

Directive - Highly active leader The manager is very active and focuses almost exclusively on his performance and his / her opinion. He often talks about what he wants, issues commands and orders. Others do not have much choice for their opinion. This style should only be used in few cases, for example, in larger meetings where everyone does not listen and should receive unqualified attention.

Democratic space - the leader gives space to others Leader leaves room for others, lets them express their opinion, and uses open questions. The final word has always the leader, the final decision lies on him.

Liberal style - the leader does not take responsibility This style of leadership is not very appropriate, only in a few percent of cases when you leave the full decision to others.

Participatory Style - Leader develops teamwork Leader sticks in the background, leaves room for others to develop in the team, consults, evaluates, or recommends other solutions in case of mistakes. He usually gives a lot of space to others and he speaks as the last one.

What is important, however, in which company the leader moves - if he manages a team of people in a bank, he must choose a different approach than if he manages people, for example, in a hunting club.

According to Goleman, Boyartzis and Mckee, there are 6 types of emotional leadership approaches. These approaches are listed as:

1. The Authoritative Approach
2. The Pacesetting Approach
3. The Coaching Approach
4. The Affiliative Approach
5. The Democratic Approach
6. The Coercive Approach Apart from this, there are all many other leadership approaches known as the leadership frameworks which propose and define various approaches to leadership. Some of them are:

• The Blake- Mouton Leadership Grid
• The Path Goal Theory
• Lewin’s Leadership Framework
• Flamholtz and Randle’s Leadership Framework
• The Big 5 Personalities Framework
• Ohio State Studies
• Fiedler’s Contingency Model
• Situational Leadership Theory
• Leader- Participation Model
• Leader Member Exchange (LMX) Theory Additionally there are behavioural theories which suggest that leaders can be production oriented or employee oriented. However, there is one other important approach with which people categorise leaders on the basis of the change they are leading as transactional leaders and transformational leaders.